goniometer ramehart goniometer rame-hart goniometer ramé-hart goniometer contact angle NRL Zisman NRL Contact Angle Goniometer pendant drop sessile drop ramé-hart instrument co. rame-hart, inc. optical instrument fiber optic Automated Dispensing System auto pipette environmental chamber environmental fixture environmental chamber with humidity high pressure chamber circular vacuum chuck humidity control rotating wafer lead frame support accessories carl clegg mountain lakes NJ Landing NJ netcong NJ new jersey nj usa united states finn knut hansen dropimage advanced dropimage standard DROPimage CA Model 100 Model A100 Model A-100 Model 100-00 Model Model 100-F0 Model 120-F0 Model 200 Model 200-F1 Model 300 Model 300-F1 Model 250 Model 250-F1 Model 400-F1 Model 500 Model 500-F13-axis stage rail 16" 20" 21" Zisman Naval Research Lab NRL Bethesda Maryland adhesion wettability contact angle science surface science monolayers energetics static dynamic contact angle velocity viscosity interfacial behaviour behavior contact angle interpretation and hysteresis energetics surface contamination cleaning polymer coatings characterization application applications polymided synthesis particles on surfaces metallized plastics silanes and other coupling agents polymer surface modification relevance to adhesion acid base acid-base dynamic surface characterization mittal tissue film films coating coatings coupling agents powders fibers wood products papers polymers monolayers bioadhesion ophthalmology surface science instrument liquid solid surface energy surface tension interface interfacial tension analysis system quantitative measure of the wetting of a solid by a liquid. analysis characterizes the wettability of a surface by measuring the contact angle. Contact angle describes the shape of a liquid droplet resting on a solid surface. The roughness of a surface improves the wettability for hydrophilic surfaces. hydrophobic surfaces. Young equation, which interrelates the contact angle and surface tensions of the liquid and solid phases. International Symposium on Contact Angle, Wettability and Adhesion. The angle of contact is the angle between the tangent to the periphery of the point of contact with the solid. Capillarity is an effect when liquid in a narrow vertical tube becomes elevated or depressed. When a liquid does not spread on a substrate (usually a solid), a contact. angle (θ) is formed which is defined as the angle. Contact angle measuring unit for characterization of hydrophobicity of film surfaces are used in controlling cleaning processes. A computer controlled contact angle analyzer makes it easy to measure static and dynamic contact angle, along with surface tension and surface energy. CONTACT ANGLE MEASUREMENT is a common method to obtain surface energies of materials. The measurement by itself is nothing novel; however, the relationship of contact angle to surface energetics requires a good deal of understanding. I have published several papers regarding various aspects of that relationship, especially related to polymers. Surface energy quantifies the disruption of chemical bonds that occurs when a surface is created. In the physics of solids, surfaces.